Публикация участника Albert Efimov

This digest summarizes the main results of Sber's research activities in 2023. It contains an annotated list of academic papers, briefly highlights the results of research in a number of relevant areas of scientific and technological development, as well as the results of joint work with artificial intelligence centers created by leading Russian universities. It is intended for all who are interested in the R&D activities of Russia's largest technology company. This digest is based on the contributions of our colleagues from Sber and partners from various organizations. Science has no borders. Science is above politics.

Sber's main scientific results - in Chinese The collection "Science in Sber - 2023", which sums up the results of our company's research activities over the past year, was published in Chinese and is available for download and free distribution. It provides an annotated list of scientific publications, briefly highlights the results of research in a number of relevant areas of scientific and technological development, as well as the results of joint work with artificial intelligence centers created on the basis of leading universities in Russia. "Science in Sber - 2023" in Russian was presented on February 8, the Day of Russian Science.

Я собираюсь принять участие в мероприятии «Quantum Computing for Logistics». Присоединяйтесь ко мне 7 марта.

This is annual collection of our scientific works. For now in Russian. Very soon English translation.

Good old mantra is back: “take X and add AI”. Actually, it is not back, as it has been with us more than 10 years. But now everybody gets it. Shall we see products, branded “no ai”? Just tried and true low tech?

Well, one of my lectures got very nice feedback from Central Bank of Russia.

Last year my University awarded me with silver memorial badge!

Scientists at MISIS University, RCC and Sber conducted an in-depth analysis of the calculations used by researchers from China when simulating the hacking of a cryptosystem using a 400+ qubit quantum computer, and questioned their sensational conclusion about the revolution in cryptography. Russian scientists believe that the algorithm of colleagues is not working due to the "pitfalls" in the classical part and the complexity of the implementation of the quantum. In December 2022, scientists from China published an article in which they said that they managed to factorize a 48-bit number by modeling the hacking of the RSA-algorithm with the help of a 10-qubit quantum computer. Based on the classical method of Schnorr factorization, the authors use quantum acceleration to solve the problem of finding a shortest vector in a lattice (SVP) of small dimension - which allowed them to make a sensational statement that factorization, i.e. the decomposition of a large number into factors, requires less qubits than its length, as well as quantum schemes of less depth than previously thought. The researchers concluded that it is possible to crack a 2048-bit number using a computer with 372 physical qubits, although it was previously believed that 20 million were needed for this purpose. After IBM demonstrated the readiness of the 433-qubit Osprey quantum processor, many doubted the reliability of modern asymmetric cryptography and post-quantum cryptosystems based on SVP computing. Researchers of NUST MISIS, RCC and Sber consider the conclusion about the possibility of hacking the 2048-bit RSA-algorithm to be hasty. "The Schnorr method does not have an accurate assessment of the complexity. The main difficulty lies not in solving one shortest vector problem, but in the correct selection and solution of many such problems. It follows that this method is probably not suitable for RSA numbers of such sizes that are used in modern cryptography," said Alexey Fedorov, Director of the Institute of Physics and Quantum Engineering of NUST MISIS. Scientists emphasize that the method used by researchers from China gives only an approximate solution to the problem, which can be easily obtained for small numbers and small lattices, but almost impossible for the real parameters of cryptosystems. Details of the study are published in one of the leading scientific journals IEEE Access (Q1). Science is moving forward not only by obtaining its own positive results, but also through a scrupulous, critical analysis of the results of other research teams. We have shown the pitfalls that arise in the algorithm proposed by Chinese colleagues for hacking modern encryption algorithms. However, despite the fact that a specific implementation may be ineffective, a quantum computer can still become a serious risk to information security in the future. Therefore, it already makes sense to consider ways to minimize these risks

My new article is devoted to the topical aspects of the transformation of society, science, and man in the context of E. László’s work «Macroshift». I offer my own attempt to consider the attributes of macroshift and then use these attributes to operationalize further analysis, highlighting three essential elements: the world has come to a situation of technological indistinguishability between the natural and the artificial, to machines that know everything about humans. Antiquity aspired to beauty and saw beauty in realistic art, but technology made indistinguishability possible, bringing the risks of deepfakes and post-truth. Following J. Bernal’s logic, I distinguish between different types of the future, comparing them with the Kantian triad of ethical questions: (1) What can we know? (2) What should we do? (3) What can I hope for? Under these conditions, the fact that technology has become a real tool of geopolitics is no longer just a matter for discussion, but a subject of deep philosophical consideration. AI is becoming not only an opportunity, but also a threat, on a scale that has never been seen before in our civilizational history. Therefore, the former, linear development of science gives way to nonlinearity. Society in the macroshift will be radically transformed, and the author identifies five main transformations of the current macroshift. The post-nonclassical approach in the analysis of scenarios for modeling the future, both accidentally possible and preferred, is becoming the most important tool of futurology and prognostics. Then I describe the future around five social trends that will determine the economy and society of the coming decades. In addition, opportunities for the future development of science are proposed, subject to significant penetration of AI technologies. These technologies will have a fundamental impact on all aspects of our society, economy, and human existence.